Methanol (CH3OH)
Methanol (CH3OH), CAS 67-56-1, also known as methyl alcohol or MeOH, is the simplest alcohol. Historically known as wood alcohol, methanol is a light, colorless, highly flammable, and volatile liquid. Comprised of a methyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, it is commonly used in scientific research as a solvent or denaturant. Available in a variety of grades and percentages, methanol is also used as a reagent in the synthesis of chemicals such as acetic acid or formaldehyde.
Among other purposes, methanol is used in industry:
- For the manufacture of paints, adhesives, foams, and textiles
- As a fuel, as a component of biodiesel
- As a denaturant of industrially produced ethanol
Although similar in appearance and odor to ethanol (drinking alcohol), methanol is toxic to the nervous system. Exposure to methanol through ingestion, inhalation, or absorption can lead to blindness, coma, or death. When working with methanol, ensure that the environment has proper ventilation and that handlers use personal protective equipment (PPE) that covers eyes, face, and skin. Methanol should not be left open to the air and should be stored in a dry, cool, well-ventilated location.